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The Journey of Inventing Water-Based Silicone Defoamers
Release Date:
2021-03-08
Antifoams are materials designed to prevent, eliminate, and control unwanted foam. A foaming fluid is a dispersion of air or other gases as the dispersed phase within a continuous liquid phase. Typically, because air or gas constitutes the majority of the foam’s volume, the bubbles are separated only by thin liquid films. Unwanted liquid foam consists of numerous tiny bubbles that are generated mechanically or chemically within the liquid; these bubbles rise and accumulate at the liquid surface faster than they can dissipate.
Aqueous Silicone defoamer Invention Background:
Antifoams are materials designed to prevent, eliminate, and control unwanted foam. A foaming fluid is a dispersion of air or other gases as the discontinuous phase within a continuous liquid phase. Typically, because air or gas constitutes the majority of the foam’s volume, the bubbles are separated only by thin liquid films. Unwanted liquid foam consists of numerous tiny bubbles that are generated mechanically or chemically within the liquid; these bubbles rise and accumulate at the liquid surface faster than they can dissipate.
Application scenarios of water-based silicone antifoaming agents:
Foam is encountered in a wide variety of fields, with issues ranging from hazardous and aesthetically unappealing foam to more serious problems. Foam formation is prevalent in polymerization, coating processing and application, fermentation, sugar production, oil drilling and refining, food preparation, papermaking, wastewater treatment, textile dyeing, adhesive applications, and the flotation‑based beneficiation of ores. Under operating conditions, liquid coolants, hydraulic oils, lubricants, aviation fuels, and gas‑adsorption liquids can all become foamy, leading to undesirable consequences. If left uncontrolled, foam can reduce equipment capacity, increase processing time and costs, and give rise to other adverse effects.
Although foam can be controlled by making minor adjustments during the process or by using mechanical defoaming equipment, chemical defoamers have proven to be the most effective and cost‑efficient solution. By adding a chemical defoamer formulation to the system, stable films are disrupted, causing foam bubbles to collapse and thereby achieving partial or complete defoaming.
Among the many chemical formulations known to prevent and break undesirable foam, some of the most effective and widely used defoamers are silicone oils. Siloxane‑based compounds or agents can be applied in their pure form, as suspensions in solvents, or mixed with dry ingredients as part of a foaming‑agent formulation.
Raw material specifications for water-based silicone defoamers:
Silicone emulsions are typically formulated from a base fluid, an emulsifier, water, and, if required, finely divided solids such as calcium carbonate or silica. These solids serve as carriers for the silicone, increasing the exposed surface area of the silicone and thereby enhancing the emulsion’s effectiveness as an antifoaming agent. All types of emulsifiers may be used, including anionic, cationic, and nonionic varieties.
Typically, a water-in-oil emulsion is prepared by passing a mixture of siloxane fluid, an emulsifier, some water, and a solid dispersant through a high-shear mixing device, such as a colloid mill or a homogenizer. The resulting paste is then dispersed in a large volume of water under vigorous stirring.
The final product is an aqueous silicone defoamer, in which silicone fluid can account for up to 70% of the total emulsified formulation. Most silicone emulsions on the market contain 10–70% silicone, but they are typically diluted to much lower concentrations before use.
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