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The principle by which defoamers eliminate foam
Release Date:
2023-01-09
The principle originates from sprinkling high‑proof alcohol or edible oil onto the foam. When these substances mix with the foam liquid, they significantly reduce the surface tension in that area. Because these chemicals are typically poorly soluble in water, the reduction in surface tension is confined to the foam‑plastic component, while the surface tension around the foam remains largely unchanged. The portion where the surface tension is lowered—clearly the surrounding tensile band—widens and eventually ruptures.
1. Defoamers reduce the surface tension of foam, causing it to rupture.
The principle originates from sprinkling high‑proof alcohol or edible oil onto the foam. When these substances mix with the foam liquid, they significantly reduce the surface tension at that interface. Because these chemicals are typically poorly soluble in water, the reduction in surface tension is confined to the foam‑plastic component, while the surface tension surrounding the foam remains largely unchanged. The portion where the surface tension is lowered—clearly the peripheral tension band—widens and eventually ruptures.
2. Defoamers can impair the film’s extensibility, causing bubbles to rupture.
When a defoamer is added to a foaming system, it diffuses from the liquid–air interface. Consequently, the surfactants that stabilize the foam lose their ability to reform the film.
3. Defoamers can promote the rupture of liquid films, thereby destroying foam.
The rate at which the foam‑forming liquid flows can indicate the reliability of the foam; moreover, the chemical agents that promote this flow can also serve to break the foam.
4. In addition, hydrophobic liquid particles can cause bubble damage.
Hydrophobic liquid particles on the bubble surface attract the hydrophobic ends of surfactants, causing these hydrophobic particles to absorb water and enter the aqueous phase, thereby rupturing the bubble.
5. Adding foam‑boosting surfactants can cause the foam to collapse.
Some low-molecular-weight chemicals that are readily miscible with aqueous solutions can dissolve the surfactants on bubble surfaces, thereby reducing their effective concentration. Such low-molecular-weight compounds—examples include golf ball compounds, alcohols, and allyl alcohol—not only lower the surfactant concentration but also incorporate into the surfactant adsorption layer, further diminishing the molecular structure of the surfactant itself.
6. The electrolytic solution will split the double electric layer of the surfactant and rupture the bubbles.
Considering the interactions of the electrical double layer of surfactants that rely on foam‑forming agents, this results in a reliable defoaming solution; merely adding a common electrolyte solution can only separate the surfactant’s electrical double layer, thereby achieving a defoaming effect.
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