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The defoaming mechanism of defoamers, along with their advantages such as alkali resistance and acid resistance, is demonstrated.
Release Date:
2021-02-19
Defoamers, also known as antifoaming agents, are used to eliminate the numerous harmful foams that arise during industrial production. They are widely employed to remove undesirable foam generated in processes such as latex processing, textile sizing, food fermentation, biopharmaceutical manufacturing, coatings, petrochemicals, papermaking, industrial cleaning, and wastewater treatment. They also provide effective defoaming and foam‑inhibition in various water‑based systems, including wastewater treatment and other industrial applications.
Defoamer Also known as an antifoaming agent, it is used to eliminate the numerous harmful foams generated during industrial production. It is widely applied to remove undesirable foam in processes such as latex processing, textile sizing, food fermentation, biopharmaceutical manufacturing, coatings, petrochemicals, papermaking, industrial cleaning, and wastewater treatment. It effectively controls and suppresses foam in various water-based systems, including wastewater treatment and other industrial applications.
The defoaming mechanism of defoamers originates from the application of higher alcohols or vegetable oils onto foam; as these substances dissolve into the foam liquid, they markedly reduce the surface tension at that specific location. Since these compounds typically exhibit low water solubility, the reduction in surface tension is confined to a localized region of the foam, while the surface tension surrounding the foam remains virtually unchanged. The area where surface tension has been lowered is strongly drawn and stretched outward, ultimately leading to rupture.
When a defoaming agent is added to a foaming system, it diffuses to the gas–liquid interface, thereby hindering the ability of stabilizing surfactants to restore the membrane’s elasticity. The rate at which foam drains can serve as an indicator of foam stability; introducing a substance that accelerates foam drainage can also exert a defoaming effect. On the bubble surface, hydrophobic solid particles attract the hydrophobic ends of surfactants, rendering these particles hydrophilic and causing them to enter the aqueous phase, thus contributing to foam destruction.
Certain low-molecular-weight substances that can mix thoroughly with the solution can solubilize the surfactants at the bubble surface, thereby reducing their effective concentration. Such low-molecular-weight compounds—alcohols like octanol, ethanol, and propanol—not only decrease the surfactant concentration in the surface layer but also penetrate the surfactant adsorption layer, loosening the close packing of surfactant molecules and thus diminishing foam stability.
For foaming solutions in which the electrical double layers of surfactants interact to confer stability, the addition of common electrolytes can disrupt these double layers and thereby exert a defoaming effect.
1. Alkali-resistant defoamer
It rapidly defoams and provides long-lasting foam suppression under high-temperature, strongly alkaline conditions. It exhibits excellent stability, requires only a small dosage, delivers high efficiency, and does not cause oil floating; it is widely used for treating black liquor in paper‑making pulping, as a strong‑alkali refining agent in the textile printing and dyeing industry, as a cleaning agent in highly alkaline environments, and for defoaming in other high‑temperature, strongly alkaline aqueous systems.
2. Acid-resistant defoamer
It is composed of fatty acid esters, fatty amides, and other substances, and is widely used in wet-process phosphoric acid production, titanium dioxide manufacturing, boric acid production, and other strong-acid systems.
3. High-viscosity foam defoamer: This product is a highly efficient, composite defoamer specially formulated to address foams generated in papermaking pulping black liquor, chemical mineral processing, and certain specialized chemical reactions. It is characterized by high viscosity, fine, dense bubbles, and significant resistance to elimination.
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